{"id":13987,"date":"2025-07-04T09:29:27","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T09:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olmix.com\/?p=13987"},"modified":"2025-07-04T08:48:18","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T08:48:18","slug":"mycotoxines-emergentes-faut-il-sinquieter-des-enniatines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olmix.com\/fr\/mycotoxines-emergentes-faut-il-sinquieter-des-enniatines\/","title":{"rendered":"Mycotoxines \u00e9mergentes : faut-il s\u2019inqui\u00e9ter des enniatines ?"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_4=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb 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icon_family=\u00a0\u00bbfontawesome\u00a0\u00bb icon_style=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb icon_color_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor_scheme\u00a0\u00bb icon_color=\u00a0\u00bbExtra-Color-1″ icon_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb pointer_events=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb icon_fontawesome=\u00a0\u00bbfa fa-clock-o\u00a0\u00bb icon_size=\u00a0\u00bb15″ margin_right=\u00a0\u00bb7px\u00a0\u00bb margin_top=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Reading Time:<\/span> 2<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb2%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb2%\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb row_position_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb row_position_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb pointer_events=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbpadding-2-percent\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb left_margin=\u00a0\u00bb7px\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbadvanced\u00a0\u00bb border_left_desktop=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#269756″ column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbmed\u00a0\u00bb text_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb]Les <\/span>enniatines<\/span> (<\/span>ENNs<\/span>) sont class\u00e9es parmi les mycotoxines \u00e9mergentes. Il en existe plusieurs types (A, A1, B et B1), les plus fr\u00e9quemment d\u00e9tect\u00e9s \u00e9tant les ENN-B et ENN-B1. Ces compos\u00e9s sont produits par diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces du genre Fusarium. <\/span>Actuellement, les <\/span>ENNs<\/span> ne sont pas r\u00e9glement\u00e9es en Europe ni aux \u00c9tats-Unis et ne sont pas syst\u00e9matiquement recherch\u00e9es dans les programmes de surveillance des mycotoxines.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb2%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb2%\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb row_position_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb row_position_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb pointer_events=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb text_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb]Les <\/span>ENNs<\/span> comptent parmi les contaminants naturels les plus r\u00e9pandus dans les cultures et les aliments pour animaux \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale. Elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9es dans une large vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, principalement dans les petites c\u00e9r\u00e9ales telles que le bl\u00e9, l\u2019avoine et l\u2019orge. <\/span>Sur le plan g\u00e9ographique, les \u00e9chantillons provenant d\u2019Europe, d\u2019Afrique et d\u2019Asie pr\u00e9sentent fr\u00e9quemment une forte occurrence des <\/span>ENNs<\/span>, bien que leur pr\u00e9sence soit d\u00e9sormais reconnue \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=\u00a0\u00bb13992″ image_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbentrance\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bbNone\u00a0\u00bb animation_movement_type=\u00a0\u00bbtransform_y\u00a0\u00bb hover_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb alignment=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb image_loading=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb text_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb]\n

Des \u00e9tudes ont montr\u00e9 que les variations climatiques influencent directement l\u2019occurrence des <\/span>ENNs<\/span>. Les \u00e9chantillons collect\u00e9s aux \u00c9tats-Unis entre 2013 et 2014 contenaient des niveaux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s <\/span>d\u2019ENNs<\/span> que ceux collect\u00e9s entre 2015 et 2019, sugg\u00e9rant une sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 certains r\u00e9gimes climatiques.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les <\/span>ENNs<\/span> sont souvent d\u00e9tect\u00e9es en co-occurrence avec d\u2019autres mycotoxines. Elles sont couramment associ\u00e9es \u00e0 d’autres mycotoxines \u00e9mergentes, telles que la <\/span>beauv\u00e9ricine<\/span>, mais aussi \u00e0 des mycotoxines r\u00e9glement\u00e9es comme le <\/span>d\u00e9oxynival\u00e9nol<\/span> (DON). Bien que leur toxicit\u00e9 individuelle soit parfois jug\u00e9e faible, leur pr\u00e9sence combin\u00e9e \u00e0 d\u2019autres toxines peut entra\u00eener des effets additifs ou synergiques. Ces interactions n\u00e9gatives peuvent impacter les performances zootechniques (poids vif, indice de conversion), perturber le fonctionnement de certains organes, provoquer une inflammation intestinale et induire un stress oxydatif chez les animaux d\u2019\u00e9levage.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En conclusion, les <\/span>ENNs<\/span> sont des mycotoxines \u00e9mergentes qui affectent principalement les petites c\u00e9r\u00e9ales. Leur toxicit\u00e9 isol\u00e9e peut \u00eatre limit\u00e9e, mais elles repr\u00e9sentent un risque sanitaire notable lorsqu\u2019elles interagissent avec d\u2019autres mycotoxines, compromettant ainsi la sant\u00e9 et les performances animales.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=\u00a0\u00bbFull Width Line\u00a0\u00bb line_thickness=\u00a0\u00bb1″ divider_color=\u00a0\u00bbaccent-color\u00a0\u00bb custom_height=\u00a0\u00bb20″][vc_column_text]R\u00e9f\u00e9rence : Yang L., Yang L., Cai Y., Luo Y., Wang H., Wang L., Chen J., Liu X., Wu Y., Qin Y., Wu Z., Liu N., 2023. Contamination naturelle par les mycotoxines dans les aliments pour chiens : une revue sur la toxicit\u00e9 et les m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9toxification. <\/span>Ecotoxicol<\/span> Environ <\/span>Saf<\/span>. 257. <\/span><\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.114948<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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